Dendritic Cells and APC Immunology Questions Assignment Solution

Dendritic Cells and APC Immunology Questions Assignment

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Instructions

Dendritic Cells and APC Immunology Questions Assignment

READ THIS FIRST! Please answer the following questions thoroughly. Make sure you

answer all parts of the question completely, providing all of the information that is asked

for. Provide sufficient detail so that someone who is not your course instructor could

understand what you are talking about. If you use any abbreviations (for example,

PAMP), please define what they are. You have to demonstrate to me that you know

what you are talking about; I am not going to guess. You can use course notes, and any

papers that might be online with their source.

There is no maximum or minimum length

for your answers, but they should be complete, and as concise as possible. Please

don’t include information that is not relevant to the question asked.

Question 1: You have developed a strain of mice that are incapable of producing

Follicular Dendritic Cells (FDCs). (This is fictional-I have no idea whether or not such a

thing exists).

a) What do follicular Dendritic cells do in our immune system? (Your answer needs to

include specific answers to: Where are they found? What is their role in that location?

b) Which immune tissues or organs would be affected by this mutation? What would

they look like (e.g. what structures would be missing or altered) Be sure to consider all

types of immune tissue?

c. What would be the effect of this mutation on the immune system of the mice? Your

answer should include whether or not the mice would be immunosuppressed, and a

thorough explanation of why or why not, including what cells/functions of the immune

system would be altered.

Question 2: You have another mouse strain that is homozygous for HLA-A and HLA-C.

It also has a homozygous inactivating mutation in the HLA-B genes.

Dendritic Cells and APC Immunology Questions Assignment

a) What is the HLA-A, B, and C genes and what do they encode? Are they part of a

bigger gene locus, and, if so, what is in the rest of the locus?

b) The haplotype of this mouse shows that the rest of the alleles in this locus are also

homozygous. Could this result in any impairment of the mouse’s immune system?

Explain your answer, making sure you explain why the HLA genes are usually polygenic

and polymorphic.

c) This same mouse strain carries a homozygous inactivating mutation in the gene

encoding the TAP transporter. Will this have any effect on the mouse’s immune

system? In your answer, describe the function of TAP, and explain (and describe) what

functions are impaired because of its loss.

Then explain why this would or would not

have any effect on the immune system (including of course, which aspects of the

immune system would be impaired).

Dendritic Cells and APC Immunology Questions Assignment

Question 3: Describe the antibody problem. In your answer, you should describe the

basic structure of antibodies (secreted is fine) and how this posed a problem when

scientists tried to relate structure to the necessary function of antibodies.

Without going

into detail about Ig genes, describe the solution to the antibody problem.

Question 4) Part 1: You have been jabbed with a sharp pointy stick, and through this

jab, are infected with: 1) a dsRNA virus that can infect many cell types including

dendritic cells; 2) a type of intracellular bacteria that infects macrophages/dendritic cells;

and 3) Streptococcus covinia (an imaginary extracellular bacteria that secrets a toxin).

You had never been jabbed with these particular pathogens before, and you were not

infected with a lot of any of the pathogens, so you are not sick because your innate

response kicked in, and has been busy working at the site of the jab. Thus, we can

move our attention to a nearby lymph node, which now contains the three pathogen

types and the S. covinia toxin, as well as immune cells.

a. Which of the following are required for T H  cell activation? (from the list below, highlight

all that apply). Then write a brief description of T H  cell activation making sure that your

description contains all the highlighted items.

CD3 IL2

Iga B7

CD4 C5

CD8 CD40

granzymes CD28

Question 4, part 2: It is 1 month later, and unfortunately, another pointy stick jabs you

with the same three pathogens. You now have plasma cells/antibodies and appropriate

memory B cells, T H  effector cells, as well as CTL cells, to respond to the entire infection.

b. You have antibodies against the toxin and against the three pathogen types. What

are the antibodies going to do to help you from getting sick?

c. Some of the intracellular bacteria have succeeded in infecting some macrophages.

How is your immune system going to try to remove this infection?

d. What parts of the adaptive response is going to rid your body of the virus? (Don’t

describe the IFN a/b, other cytokine, and NK responses, even if they would help).

Dendritic Cells and APC Immunology Questions Assignment

RUBRIC
Excellent Quality 95-100%	Introduction 45-41 points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.		Literature Support 91-84  points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.			Methodology 58-53 points Content is well-organized with headings for each slide and bulleted lists to group related material as needed. Use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. to enhance readability and presentation content is excellent. Length requirements of 10 slides/pages or less is met.
Average Score 50-85%	40-38 points More depth/detail for the background and significance is needed, or the research detail is not clear. No search history information is provided.		83-76  points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is little integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are included. Summary of information presented is included. Conclusion may not contain a biblical integration.			52-49  points Content is somewhat organized, but no structure is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. is occasionally detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met.
Poor Quality 0-45%	37-1 points The background and/or significance are missing. No search history information is provided.		75-1 points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is no integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are not included in the summary of information presented. Conclusion does not contain a biblical integration.			48-1 points There is no clear or logical organizational structure. No logical sequence is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects etc. is often detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met
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