The Ecological Models of Health Behavior Discussion

The Ecological Models of Health Behavior Discussion

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The Ecological Models of Health Behavior Discussion

The ecological models of health behavior (EM) highlight the correlation between environmental and policy factors of behavior while incorporating the individuals’ interaction with the physical and socio-cultural environment as it is used as an intervention on health behavior. The model also highlights the individuals’ characteristics, their skills, and proximal social influences, such as families and friends (Glanz et al., 2015).

The EM has 5 principles; principle 1 states that there are multiple levels that influence health behavior. These levels are intrapersonal (biological and psychological), interpersonal (social and cultural), organizational, community, and public policy levels which creates inclusivity that distinguishes the EM from other theories and interpersonal models of behaviors that focus on one or two levels. Principle 2 states that environmental contexts are significant determinants of health behavior. This principle focuses on behavior setting which states behavior can be predicted based on the situation (social or physical) the individual is from which makes intervention possible. Therefore, this principle uses environmental factors to shape or restrict individuals and interpersonal determinants of health behavior (Glanz et al., 2015). Principle 3 states that influences on behavior interact across levels. This means behavior change can occur based on the interaction across the multilevel of the EM. Principle 4 states that ecological models should be behavior specific.

This means research and intervention methods are more tailored towards specific health behavior. Principle 5 states that multilevel intervention should be most effective in changing behaviors. This means multilevel intervention is more superior and effective than single-level intervention when targeting behavior change. Therefore, a key strength for the EM is its focus on multiple level influence, which gives more options for intervention. However, the EM strength is also its weakness; its span across many levels in an effort to provide many options for behavior intervention, correlating with the lack of specificity of the construct for the interaction across levels, causes issues when trying to improve intervention (Glanz et al., 2015).

This model is effective in tobacco control through many effective components, such as clinical smoking cessation programs (nicotine replacement skin patch), mass media campaigns (television smoking cessation advertisements), and regulatory efforts to restrict opportunities for smoking (age limit 18+). Additionally, economic approaches that make cigarettes more expensive (higher taxation), and comprehensive multilevel programs combining all approaches (principle 5) (Borland et al., 2010) (Mercer et al., 2003). Another model that is effective is the transtheoretical model because it is a commonly used intervention method for smoking cessation by using its stages of change to alter behavioral change. The health belief model can also be used for this behavioral change because the models focus on motivation and self-efficacy (Roberts et al., 2013).

Reference

Borland, R., Young, D., Coghill, K., & Zhang, J.Y. (2010). The tobacco use management system: Analyzing tobacco control from a systems perspective. American Journal of Public Health, 100(7), 1229–1236. DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.165910

Glanz, K., Rimer, B. K., & Viswanath, K. (2015). Health behavior: Theory, research, and practice (5th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Mercer, S.L., Green, L. W., Rosenthal, A.C., Husten, C. G., Khan, L. K., & Dietz, W. H. (2003). Possible lessons from the tobacco experience for obesity control. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 77(Suppl.4), 1073S–1082S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/77.4.1073S

Roberts, J. N., Kerr, M. S., & Smith, S. (2012). Behavioral Interventions Associated with Smoking Cessation in the Treatment of Tobacco Use. Health Services Insights, 6, 79-85. Doi: 10.4137/HSI.S11092

Respond to the bold paragraph ABOVE by using one of the option below… in APA format with At least two references and a minimum of 200 words….. .(The List of References should not be older than 2016 and should not be included in the word count.)

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The Ecological Models of Health Behavior Discussion

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Excellent Quality 95-100%	Introduction 45-41 points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.		Literature Support 91-84  points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.			Methodology 58-53 points Content is well-organized with headings for each slide and bulleted lists to group related material as needed. Use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. to enhance readability and presentation content is excellent. Length requirements of 10 slides/pages or less is met.
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Poor Quality 0-45%	37-1 points The background and/or significance are missing. No search history information is provided.		75-1 points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is no integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are not included in the summary of information presented. Conclusion does not contain a biblical integration.			48-1 points There is no clear or logical organizational structure. No logical sequence is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects etc. is often detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met
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