Scientific Reasoning Essential Skills Discussion

Scientific Reasoning Essential Skills Discussion

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Instructions

Scientific Reasoning Essential Skills Discussion

Students describe the Scientific Method and apply the scientific principles they have learned to theoretical and practical issues.

Students interpret measurable and observable information through inference and analogy to develop hypotheses and draw conclusions. Students will interpret data in order to infer and make references for how to deter runoff in the City of Philadelphia.

Students describe methods of scientific inquiry and use critical thinking skills to investigate, question, and solve problems. Students will use methods of scientific inquiry to investigate the why and how of surface water runoff and students will give recommendations on how residents can lower their surface runoff water charge.

Students describe and carry out experimental procedures and/or perform laboratory tasks when appropriate to the field, interpret and communicate scientific information using written, oral and/or graphical means, analyze one or more relationships among science, technology, and society, and apply logical reasoning in explaining natural phenomena and experimental procedures or outcomes. Students will analyze the table of recent flood events in the City of Philadelphia and through oral means, students will analyze the data and apply logical reasoning for the increase in flood events.

Directions: Write a 2-page single-spaced paper (12 Font – Times new roman) answering the questions based on the information below.

Surface runoff is an enormous problem in the City of Philadelphia. When it rains in the city water runs down streets, sidewalks, and off parking lots causing our rivers such as the Delaware and Schuylkill to flood. Besides causing flooding, the water also carries with it non-point source pollution such as fertilizers, dog waste, oil, and trash.

Philadelphia has begun to charge churches, businesses, and even colleges and universities for the amount of paved or impervious surfaces on their properties. Since this charge has begun, the Community College of Philadelphia has completed major renovations in this department. Many of these upgrades cannot be seen by the eye, but they are there. A couple includes green roofs on the Pavilion and Bonnell buildings and an underground rainwater collection system behind the West building on 18th street. All these additions have lowered the College’s runoff charge.

Your paper should answer the following questions in detail and with a factual basis:

• Paper explains the problem of surface runoff in the City of Philadelphia. Including the variable that causes runoff.
• Paper explains why the table on the following link is important to understand flooding in Philadelphia and what inferences can be taken by the amount and size of flood events in recent years.
• Paper gives examples of ways that residents can lower their runoff charge.
• Paper gives a opinion supported by facts as to whether the current runoff charge deters residents from paving over surfaces.

Take a look at your water bill, you will see a separate charge for runoff. Do you think a charge to residents for runoff is a reasonable way to motivate homeowners to remove non-porous surfaces and replace them with porous surfaces? What are some ways residents in the City of Philadelphia can lower their runoff charge?

RUBRIC
Excellent Quality 95-100%	Introduction 45-41 points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.		Literature Support 91-84  points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.			Methodology 58-53 points Content is well-organized with headings for each slide and bulleted lists to group related material as needed. Use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. to enhance readability and presentation content is excellent. Length requirements of 10 slides/pages or less is met.
Average Score 50-85%	40-38 points More depth/detail for the background and significance is needed, or the research detail is not clear. No search history information is provided.		83-76  points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is little integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are included. Summary of information presented is included. Conclusion may not contain a biblical integration.			52-49  points Content is somewhat organized, but no structure is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. is occasionally detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met.
Poor Quality 0-45%	37-1 points The background and/or significance are missing. No search history information is provided.		75-1 points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is no integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are not included in the summary of information presented. Conclusion does not contain a biblical integration.			48-1 points There is no clear or logical organizational structure. No logical sequence is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects etc. is often detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met
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