Ethics Definition of Terms Lists Discussion

Ethics Definition of Terms Lists Discussion

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Ethics Definition of Terms Lists Discussion
Ethics

Definitions
? Deontology
? Maxim
? inclination
? imperative
? Hypothetical Imperative
? Categorical Imperative
? Practical Imperative (Principle of Dignity)
? Autonomy
? heteronomy

? Means/ends distinction
? Instrumental versus intrinsic value
? psychological hedonism
? ethical hedonism
? Utilitarianism (Rule/Act)
? Principle of Utility
? Hedonic calculus
? A priori/a posteriori knowledge
? Supererogatory/supererogation
Understand and know about the following concepts and/or themes
Immanuel Kant:
? What is deontology?
? What is the “Good Will”?  What does Kant mean when he says that the Good Will
is the only thing that is good in the world “without qualification”? In contrast, what
does it mean for something to be “good with qualification” and what sort of things
does Kant consider good with qualification? (hint: wealth, virtue, wit, intelligence etc.)
? How important is the motive of a moral act for Kant? How important is the outcome
of a moral act?
? Who do moral laws apply to, according to Kant?
? Why does Kant believe that inclination has no place in ethical decision-making?
? What are the three propositions of morality?
? What is a “hypothetical imperative”?
? What is the “Categorical Imperative”?
? What is the Practical Imperative / the “Principle of Dignity”?
? What are his 4 examples of perfect versus imperfect duties to oneself/ to others?
? What is the difference between perfect and imperfect duties, i.e., what happens
when one tries to universalize the maxim in a perfect duty versus an imperfect duty?
? Is it ever permissible to lie according to Kant? Is it every permissible to steal?
? What does Kant mean when he says that we should treat people as ends-in-
themselves, not merely as means? What kind of value does an end have versus a
means?

? What does Kant mean by autonomy? What does he mean by heteronomy?
? What does Kant mean by the “dear self”?
? Does Kant believe that being moral will lead to happiness?
? What are some of the strengths of Kant’s theory? What are some weaknesses?
Utilitarianism:
? What is the difference between rule utilitarianism and act utilitarianism?  How is
rule utilitarianism supposed to circumvent some of the problems of act utilitarianism?
What are some problems of rule and act utilitarianism, respectively?
? Why is Utilitarianism“ social hedonism"?
? According to John Stuart Mill and the utilitarian’s, which component of ethical
decisions is most
important?
? What is the Principle of Utility?
? What is the hedonic calculus and how is it applied? What are the units of pleasure
and pain called?
? How does Bentham argue to potentially include nonhuman entities in moral
considerations? What is the criterion for something to be included in moral
consideration?
? How does Mill “improve” Bentham’s Utilitarianism?
? Are all pleasures equally good according to Mill?
? What are higher pleasures versus lower pleasures and how are they
distinguished?
? Why is it better to “be a human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied” according to
Mill?
? How does Mill explain the fact that people frequently choose lower over higher
pleasures?
? How should a utilitarian weigh his or her own interest/happiness versus the
interests of others in his ethical calculations? Does anyone’s happiness count more
than anybody else’s?
? What are some objections to Utilitarianism?
? What are some practical problems of Utilitarianism?

Ethics Definition of Terms Lists Discussion

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Excellent Quality 95-100%	Introduction 45-41 points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.		Literature Support 91-84  points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.			Methodology 58-53 points Content is well-organized with headings for each slide and bulleted lists to group related material as needed. Use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. to enhance readability and presentation content is excellent. Length requirements of 10 slides/pages or less is met.
Average Score 50-85%	40-38 points More depth/detail for the background and significance is needed, or the research detail is not clear. No search history information is provided.		83-76  points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is little integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are included. Summary of information presented is included. Conclusion may not contain a biblical integration.			52-49  points Content is somewhat organized, but no structure is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. is occasionally detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met.
Poor Quality 0-45%	37-1 points The background and/or significance are missing. No search history information is provided.		75-1 points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is no integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are not included in the summary of information presented. Conclusion does not contain a biblical integration.			48-1 points There is no clear or logical organizational structure. No logical sequence is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects etc. is often detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met
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